Texture is crucial in visual art, as it defines forms and enhances the interaction between light and shadow, adding dynamism to compositions. By influencing how light reflects off surfaces, texture, particularly roughness, can accentuate shadows and create a sense of depth. Its use can be traced back to prehistoric cave paintings, where texture was fundamental to visual expression, and it evolved significantly in ancient Egyptian art, where relief and sunken carvings became prominent techniques. Over time, texture has continued to evolve, particularly during the Impressionist movement, where artists employed brushstroke techniques to capture movement and light.

This research delves into the development of texture across various historical periods, from prehistoric to ancient Egyptian art, examining its role in shaping visual compositions. Specifically, it explores the interplay between texture, light, shadow, and movement, and how these elements contribute to the viewer’s experience. The study addresses the question of how texture influences the visual dimensions of artworks and their capacity to convey movement or psychological states. Ultimately, this work highlights the importance of texture not merely as a tool for defining shapes but as an expressive medium that enriches depth, movement, and emotional engagement, offering a more profound connection between the artwork and its audience.