This study aims to search for correlations between visual memory ability and spelling performance among a sample of primary school students. Previous studies have confirmed the important role of visual memory in processing a group of cognitive activities in learning, and many studies have examined the extent of the effect of this type of memory on reading performance. However, very little research has addressed the effect of visual ability on the growth of students’ spelling performance. Participants aged 144 between 9 and 11 years participated in this study, and this sample underwent a set of tests, including a word recognition test and a visual memory ability test. Through analysing the statistical data, it became clear that there is a significant correlation between visual memory ability and spelling performance among students in the third and fourth levels of primary school.