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State Intervention and Neoliberal Land Privatization in Morocco: Soft Power Mediation of Collective Land Disputes

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Law & EconomicsSustainable Development

State Intervention and Neoliberal Land Privatization in Morocco: Soft Power Mediation of Collective Land Disputes

This paper examines how the Moroccan state intervenes in collective land disputes, focusing on the shift from coercive measures to non-violent strategies that support land privatization under a neoliberal agenda. Based on two years of ethnographic fieldwork in Boujaad, the study draws on semi-structured interviews with five state officials and twenty right-holders, selected through purposeful and snowball sampling. The findings reveal that the state increasingly employs persuasion, dialogue, and negotiation—forms of soft power—to de-escalate tensions and gain community compliance, thereby preventing conflict escalation while facilitating the transfer of communal lands to private investors, often framed as development projects. Although these non-coercive interventions present the state as a mediator, they ultimately serve a neoliberal land commodification agenda, maintaining order but raising concerns about accountability and justice for right-holders. Future research should therefore examine the long-term socio-economic impacts of such policies and propose safeguards to protect community rights.

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