This study examines the relationship between anxiety (independent variable) and psychological resilience (dependent variable) among mothers of children with disabilities, while also exploring the role of social support as a mediating variable. The research is situated within the context of maternal mental health, considering mothers as primary caregivers for children with special needs and the psychological pressures that may limit their adaptive capacity. The study addresses the issue of understanding how anxiety affects resilience and whether social support contributes to improving or complicating this relationship. A descriptive methodology, both correlational and comparative in design, was used. The Spielberger StateTrait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the short version of the Nicholson McBride Resilience Questionnaire (NMRQ) were administered to a sample of 115 mothers aged 20–60 years. Results indicated a statistically significant negative relationship between anxiety and resilience, showing that higher anxiety corresponds with lower resilience and vice versa. Mothers reported moderate levels of anxiety and low resilience, with significant differences linked to social support. These findings enhance understanding of maternal psychological health, highlighting resilience as a key adaptive mechanism and emphasizing the complex role of social support. The study recommends developing targeted psychological and social interventions to reduce anxiety and strengthen resilience, thereby improving the quality of life for mothers and their families.